Cumbemayo – Stone Forest and Pre-Columbian Aqueduct near Cajamarca
Cumbemayo combines an extraordinary high Andean landscape with an aqueduct carved into volcanic rock. Between the Los Frailones formations, the circular trail leads to one of the most impressive archaeological sites around Cajamarca.
Cumbemayo at a Glance
The archaeological complex is located southwest of the city of Cajamarca in an open high Andean landscape. Volcanic rock has been shaped here by wind and rain into a stone forest, whose towering columns are known as Los Frailones – the stone monks.
The most significant man-made element is a narrow aqueduct, carved directly into the rock. Its precise lines, gentle slope, and several right-angled changes of direction are striking.
Why it's Worth Visiting
Cumbemayo is both an archaeological site and an impressive natural destination. The circular trail shows how early communities observed the high Andean landscape and managed water with great technical skill.
The rock formations, changing clouds, and sweeping views over the highlands also make the trail particularly scenic. At the same time, the aqueduct provides a direct impression of early hydraulic engineering in the Cajamarca region.
What to See in Cumbemayo?
- the pre-Columbian aqueduct carved into volcanic rock
- the striking right-angled changes of direction in the aqueduct's course
- the Los Frailones stone forest with its tall rock columns
- the rock massif designated as a sanctuary and natural caves
- weathered carvings and relief traces on individual rock surfaces
- the vast high Andean landscape at around 3,500 meters altitude
Image Gallery
The Main Areas of Cumbemayo
The Aqueduct
The open aqueduct was carved directly into volcanic rock over long sections. A visitable section of about 850 meters reveals the careful alignment and controlled gentle slope.
Los Frailones
The tall, erosion-formed rock columns accompany large parts of the circular trail. From certain angles, their silhouettes resemble a group of monks.
Sanctuary and Rock Shelters
The complex includes a striking rock massif with a natural opening as well as smaller shelters. Weathered lines and figurative traces can be seen on sheltered surfaces.
Getting to Cumbemayo
Cumbemayo is located about 19 to 20 kilometers southwest of Cajamarca on the road towards Chetilla. The journey takes approximately 45 to 60 minutes, depending on the vehicle and road conditions.
The easiest option is an organized half-day trip from Cajamarca. Alternatively, taxis, private drivers, or public transport towards Chetilla are possible; the return journey should be arranged in advance.
Opening Hours and Admission
PROMPERÚ's current practical Cajamarca travel guide states daily opening hours for Cumbemayo from 09:00 to 17:00 and a paid entrance fee. The regional reservation website currently publishes visiting slots between 09:20 and 14:30.
Since opening hours, time slots, and fees can be adjusted at short notice, the information should be checked again immediately before the excursion.
Best Time to Visit
The drier months from May to October usually offer better conditions for the circular trail. Visibility is often clearer in the morning, while clouds, wind, or fog can roll in later.
Even in the dry season, the weather in the high Andes is changeable. During the rainy season, paths can be slippery, and individual areas may become more difficult to access at times.
What Visitors Should Bring
- sturdy, non-slip shoes
- warm clothing in layers and a rain jacket
- sun protection, headwear, and sufficient water
- some provisions for the circular trail
- time for slow walking at high altitude
Cumbemayo with Children
The stone forest and the narrow aqueduct are also interesting for children. However, the circular trail is on uneven terrain and at high altitude. Families should walk slowly, plan breaks, and turn back in good time in case of cold, rain, or altitude sickness.
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Frequently Asked Questions about Cumbemayo
Where is Cumbemayo located?
Cumbemayo is located about 19 to 20 kilometers southwest of the city of Cajamarca in the department of the same name.
How high is Cumbemayo?
The archaeological complex is located at approximately 3,500 meters above sea level.
How much time should one plan?
Including travel to and from Cajamarca, about half a day or three to four hours should be planned.
What is special about the aqueduct?
The narrow canal was carved directly into volcanic rock. Its gentle slope and right-angled changes of direction show a very controlled water flow.
Can Cumbemayo be visited without a tour?
Yes. Taxis, private drivers, or public transport towards Chetilla are possible. However, an organized tour simplifies the journey there and back.
